End-Stage Heart Failure in Congenital Heart Disease: When Conventional Surgery Fails — Mechanical Circulatory Support, Ventricular Assist Devices, and Heart Transplantation
End-stage heart failure in congenital heart disease represents one of the most complex challenges in contemporary congenital cardiac surgery and advanced heart failure medicine. Unlike conventional heart failure, congenital heart disease–associated…
Contemporary Surgical Strategies for Borderline Left Heart in Congenital Heart Disease: Patient Selection, Ventricular Recruitment, Hybrid Palliation, and Long-Term Outcomes.
Borderline left heart disease represents one of the most complex decision-making territories in contemporary congenital cardiac surgery, occupying the spectrum between conventional biventricular repair and established single-ventricle palliation. This…
