Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis: From Ammonia Neurotoxicity to the Gut–Liver–Brain Axis, Precision Diagnosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies
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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the most complex neurological complications of cirrhosis, traditionally attributed to impaired hepatic ammonia detoxification and consequent neurotoxicity. However, contemporary evidence increasingly supports a…
Precision Electrophysiology: Integrating High-Density Mapping, Cardiac Imaging, Artificial Intelligence, and Pulsed-Field Ablation for Personalized Arrhythmia Treatment
Precision electrophysiology is emerging as a multidisciplinary paradigm that seeks to transform cardiac arrhythmia treatment from anatomy-based ablation toward individualized, data-driven intervention. The integration of high-density electroanatomical…